[SOLVED] Potentiostatic circuit operation and ADC interface

Hi All
I am current working on a circuit design which involves interfacing an O2 gas sensor
I tried to reverse engineer the development board from manufacturer (They don’t supply the schematics)
And I believe the circuit that has been used looks something like as shown in the picture below:





It is a three terminal Electrochemical type sensor which as three electrodes as:
Counter Electrode
Reference Electrode
Working Electrode

(As shown in schematic above)

IC2a,2b&2c is in same package Dual Opamp AD8629 from Analog devices (Datasheet @ https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/ad8628_8629_8630.pdf )

I believe that IC2b is used in Control feedback like Potentiostatic configuration in order to maintain the potential of Reference Electrode similar as Working Electrode

IC2c is used to convert the signal output (current) from the sensor to the Voltage output (Isense X R28). This signal is then fed to ADC MCP3550 (22bits) from Microchip (Datasheet @
https://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/20001950F.pdf )

3.85VDC is coming out of a voltage regulator (not shown on schematic). The input to that regulator is from 5VDC

1. 
   
   My first question is regarding the reference voltage (VRef in the schematic of apprx 1.923V as measured by DVM)
   The way I understand it (and I could be wrong so please correct me). The VRef (1.923V) is applied to non-inverting input of IC2c which will give it a DC offset so we should see the Signal Output from IC2c as (1.923V + (Isense x R28))
   This Vref of 1.928 is also applied to ‘VREF’ pin-1 of ADC MC3550 so it sets its Reference voltage to this level
   But why does it have ‘VRef (1.923V)’ connected to the Negative Input of (VIN- Pin3) of ADC?
   How is this going to work? Would that not cause the ‘Signal of interest’ between VIN+ & VIN- to go higher than the Reference voltage of ADC?

• 
  My 2nd question is regarding the summing junction at non-inverting pin of IC2b.
  ‘VRef’ which is connected to R23
  3.85V which is connected to R25
  & then the node of R23 & R25 are connected to non-inverting pin of IC2b. What would be the purpose of that configuration?

• 
  
  My 3rd question is regarding the resistors R33 & Cap C14. It looks like that Counter electrode is connected to one of the pins of PIC microcontroller on development board. Any idea why would this connection to PIC be required? Is it some sort of detection?

Any help would be greatly appreciated

OK I think I have found the answers to my questions by spending bit more time. :???: (I should have done it before so did not have to post it here but I thought to share the answers now as it might be useful for the other people too)

My first question is regarding the reference voltage (VRef in the schematic of apprx 1.923V as measured by DVM)
The way I understand it (and I could be wrong so please correct me). The VRef (1.923V) is applied to non-inverting input of IC2c which will give it a DC offset so we should see the Signal Output from IC2c as (1.923V + (Isense x R28))
This Vref of 1.928 is also applied to ‘VREF’ pin-1 of ADC MC3550 so it sets its Reference voltage to this level
But why does it have ‘VRef (1.923V)’ connected to the Negative Input of (VIN- Pin3) of ADC?
How is this going to work? Would that not cause the ‘Signal of interest’ between VIN+ & VIN- to go higher than the Reference voltage of ADC?

Click to expand...

Vref of 1.923 (half the Rail) is applied to non-inverting input. This will NOT appear as offset at the output. As output would just be the (Isense x R28)
This VRef is applied to non-inverting input in order to keep the 'Working' Electrode at same potential as VRef with respect to 0V-GND
Working Electrode (or Sense Electrode) needs to be at least 300ishmV below the Reference Electrode (as the sensor requires 300ishmV biasing).
The Reference Electrode is sitting at apprx 2.26V (the answer to my 2nd question

then the node of R23 & R25 are connected to non-inverting pin of IC2b. What would be the purpose of that configuration?

Click to expand...

So, this will give overall voltage difference (bias voltage) between Reference Electrode & the Sense Electrode = 335mV apprx

&
regarding

Would that not cause the ‘Signal of interest’ between VIN+ & VIN- to go higher than the Reference voltage of ADC?

Click to expand...

Looking at ADC's datasheet, ADC's differential input range is from -VRef to + VRef so this should work fine

Regarding my 3rd question

the resistors R33 & Cap C14. It looks like that Counter electrode is connected to one of the pins of PIC microcontroller on development board. Any idea why would this connection to PIC be required? Is it some sort of detection?

Click to expand...

Looking at PIC's datasheet This is connected to PIC's Analogue Input AN0 so it is probably monitoring the 'Counter' Electrode's voltage (Not sure why but may be not critical for now)

Looking at PIC's datasheet This is connected to PIC's Analogue Input AN0 so it is probably monitoring the 'Counter' Electrode's voltage (Not sure why but may be not critical for now)

Click to expand...

Most of the circuit is pretty standard electrochemical sensor processing, but the counter electrode measurement is a bit unusual. I guess it's for monitoring sensor health state, e.g. to detect a dryed out sensor. It's not necessary for basic circuit function.

Hello,
Which model of summing junction do you have ?
Thank you

Namsen10 said:

Hello,
Which model of summing junction do you have ?
Thank you

Click to expand...

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