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microstrip discontinuity

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okik

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How can I compensate T-junction discontinuity? I need advice on how to do it easily and especially correctly. Because my designed filter not working properly due to T-junction discontinuity.
Thanks for any advice
 
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3.2 T-junctions
The T-junctions is perhaps the most important discontinuity in a microstrip as it is found in most circuits such as
impedance networks, stub filters and branch line couplers. A microstrip T-junction and its equivalent circuit are
shown in the Figure 3. The discontinuity capacitance for this structure has been calculated by Silvester &
Benedek (1973).
1710535938259.png

The T-junction discontinuity compensation is much more difficult than right angled bends and steps in width
discontinuity compensation techniques. The T-junctions can be compensated by adjusting the lengths of the three
microstrip lines forming the junction
 
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Along other approaches, using tapered transmission lines at the T-junction to gradually transition the impedance from the main transmission line to the branch lines. This can help minimize reflections and impedance mismatches.

 
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okik said:
lowpass filter with cutoff freq = 694 MHz
Click to expand...
T-Junctions have very little effect on the response at that frequency.
I guess there are fundamental layout errors. Can you post a picture of the layout ??
Also, have you used ideal elements or practical components from a vendor ? How about GND connections and VIAs position ?
What are ZLOW and ZHIGH
 
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BigBoss said:
T-Junctions have very little effect on the response at that frequency.
I guess there are fundamental layout errors. Can you post a picture of the layout ??
Also, have you used ideal elements or practical components from a vendor ? How about GND connections and VIAs position ?
What are ZLOW and ZHIGH
Click to expand...
you can find some informations in above post #9 (calculation to microstrip form -> substrate - Er=2.33 and h=1.27 mm, Zhigh=155.9, Zlow=40.73, cutoff freq=694MHz)
1710590278698.png
 
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Why did you not give full specs for pass (PB) and stop band (SB)? (ripple and attenuation)
How did you not get -6.02 dB in your plot in the PB?

Minor but significant calc. error on breakpoint f. Show your work.
 
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okik said:
you can find some informations in above post #9 (calculation to microstrip form -> substrate - Er=2.33 and h=1.27 mm, Zhigh=155.9, Zlow=40.73, cutoff freq=694MHz)
Click to expand...
You're trying to realize a Low-Pass Filter by simply transforming L-C Components onto Microstrip Lines @ 694MHz ??
Also you use a substrate with Er=2.33 and then very thin long lines, a weird pattern and bizarre result.
The path you follow is wrong. Make some Researches about Microstrip Filters and come again.
 
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  1. How did you create inductance without capacitance in your design?
  2. Can you describe how microstrip inductance and capacitance is created per unit length? (important skill)

Perhaps a different topology is better suited since it relies on a ground plane.
1710615415465.png

This is just a high ripple ladder with -146dB @ ~ 1 GHz.
Then you might ask, how do you make a larger C with near null L?
When geometric ratios for L/W strips cause constraints for ratios, how can you improve it?
= Change the ground plane gap. To minimize parasitic inductance choose an impedance << 10% of fundamental.


But you can make the above into a low ripple Inverse Chebyshev 20th order or more using wide short C Stubs, i.e Z << 7.5 Ohms but watch out for crosstalk or use laser trimmed lumped caps.
1710615398336.png

.
 
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okik said:
Thank you for answers.
So question is - what should be the right step between lumped and distributed form, since it can't be done directly as you wrote?
Click to expand...
If it was so, we would place every component with distributed equivalent and we would obtain desired filter... Right ?
But it's not so simple as you thought.
 
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BigBoss said:
The correct filter that you intend to design. You cannot transform L-C components simply placing their equivalent MS elements.
View attachment 189362
View attachment 189364
Click to expand...
Is it possible to find somewhere the exact procedure how to achieve this scheme? Or could you please briefly describe the steps how to do it? Thank you for your reply.
 
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okik said:
Is it possible to find somewhere the exact procedure how to achieve this scheme? Or could you please briefly describe the steps how to do it? Thank you for your reply.
Click to expand...
It's a Filter Design Program. I have transferred it into Sonnet and simulated.
 
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