Consider this case. You have a chariot or a stage coach or something with multiple horses. Lets say one horse moves a bit slower than the other. If you don't control the horses and let them run at whatever speed they want, you won't be travelling straight. The same is applicable here. Many digital systems consist of many blocks put together, so, We need a clock to keep them both running at speeds that both can handle.
Asychronous systems use hand shake signals to do the same task. After device-1 has completed, it sends a signal to device-2 that it has completed its work. Then device-2 takes the data from device-1 to do further processing.