ULN2003A driver board inverted?

panflash

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I almost hate to ask such a basic question but I've gone cross-eyed searching for the answer. I'm working with a common ULN2003A driver board to drive a 12V 28byj-48 motor. I'm working with a 5V Digispark microcontroller which has a voltage regulator on the VIN pin, therefore I patch the positive and negative pins of the driver board to the VIN and GND pins of the microcontroller respectively. A simple program was able to run the motor in either direction. After turning I want to power-down the motor to reduce consumption, so I set the logic pins to low. At that point the ULN2003A gets very hot. Seems like current is still running to the motor.

My setup is like this or this except using a 12V supply. Also like this.

When voltage is low on the input pin I expect the output pin also to be low. I want to turn on the 12V (less the drop) current to the motor by providing 5V on the input pin. But I find the output pin voltage is high when the input pin voltage is low.

Supply is good:


Input logic is low:


I expect this to be 0V:
 

The ULN2003 is a transistor array, the output pin conducts to ground when the input is high so effectively it does invert but with an open collector output.
Think of it this way: if the motor common connection has supply on it, the motor coil will be energised when 5V is applied to the ULN input pin.

Brian.
 

Thank you Brian. What you said agrees with what I expect, but something is wrong. It looks to me like the coil is energized (pic 3) when I have 0V applied to the input pin (pic 2).
 

I'm just guessing here but from the photographs it looks as though you do not have the motor connected, that means the collector (output) pins have no load on them and could 'float'. You might be seeing leakage through the freewheeling diode on pin 9.

One of the 'gotcha' issues on these devices is the voltage on pin 9, it should be the same voltage that feeds the motor. The freewheeling diodes should effectively be across the motor windings. If the motor voltage is higher than pin 9, the diodes will conduct the higher voltage to that on pin 9, maybe not enough current to operate the motor (if all windings are energized like that it wouldn't turn anyway) but certainly enough to cause heating in the IC.

Brian.
 

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