The power supply is +12 and -12
The square waveform's range from 5 volts peak , 10 volts peak , 12 volts peak
Some of the square waveform's have DC offset
I measure the DC offset with my DVM meter, it will have 1.5 volts or 2 volts DC offset voltage
Is the square waveform starting at the base line at 1.5 volts DC offset or is the square waveform starting at half way 50% amplitude at 1.5 volts DC offset?
Zero can be either
1.) Starting at the baseline, logic zero volts , which is called "Monopolar" because its just low and high states
2.) Starting at 50% amplitude of a square waveform , which is called "bipolar" because it has a positive and negative cycles
When do you or a tech knows when a square waveform "starts" at 50% amplitude and not at zero volts 0% baseline?
How do you know when the square waveform has positive and negative cycles that its alternating?
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1. Uni-directional Waveforms - these waveforms are always positive or negative in nature flowing in one forward direction only as they do not cross the zero axis point. Common uni-directional waveforms include Square-wave timing signals, Clock pulses and Trigger pulses.
2. Bi-directional Waveforms - these waveforms are also called alternating waveforms as they alternate from a positive direction to a negative direction constantly crossing the zero axis point.
How does a tech know if the square waveform is a bi-directional square waveform?
The power supply is +12 and -12 volts