That’s a bipolar transistors either a PNP or NPN configuration.
Bipolar transistors has 3 pins: emitter(E), base (B) and collector (C) which is usually connected to the casing for most power transistors. A simple multimeter test is based on the theory that a transistor is like two diodes connected together. Most of the multimeters are equipped with two separate continuity check functions: resistance and “diode check’’. Normally you may use the designated “diode check” function and the meter will display the actual voltage of the junctions.
Transistor pinout from the left to the right: Base on wire 1, Collector on wire 2 and Emitter on wire 3
First testing the Collector -Emitter junction.
Connect the negative probe (Black) to Emitter and the positive probe (Red) to the Collector
Meter reading: “OL” (high resistance)
Connect the negative probe (Black) to Collector and the positive probe (Red) to the Emitter
meter: “OL” (high resistance)
This indicates a possible working transistor
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Following tests to determine the correct NPN/PNP configuration.
The transistor is a PNP for the results:
a)Connect the positive probe (Red) to Emitter and the negative probe (Black) to the Base
E and B forward connection, meter reading: 0.600V up to 0.800V
b)Reverse situation, connect the negative probe (Black) to Emitter and the positive probe (Red) to the Base
This is the E and B reverse connection,
-meter reading: “OL” .- standard transistor
-meter reading: 1.2V up to 1.9V Darlington transistor
c)Connect the positive probe (Red) to Collector and the negative probe (Black) to the Base
C and B forward connection, meter reading: 0.600V up to 0.800V
d)Reverse situation connect the negative probe (Black) to Collector and the positive probe (Red) to the Base
This is the C and B reverse connection, meter reading: “OL” .
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The transistor is a NPN for the following results:
a)Connect the positive probe (Red) to Emitter and the negative probe (Black) to the Base
E and B reverse connection,
-meter reading: “OL” = standard transistor
-meter reading: 1.2V up to 1.9V = Darlington transistor
b)Reverse situation connect the negative probe (Black) to Emitter and the positive probe (Red) to the Base
This is the E and B forward connection, meter reading: 0.600V up to 0.800V
c)Connect the positive probe (Red) to Collector and the negative probe (Black) to the Base
C and B reverse connection, meter reading: “OL”
d)Reverse situation connect the negative probe (Black) to Collector and the positive probe (Red) to the Base
This is the C and B forward connection, meter reading: 0.600V up to 0.800V.
If we were to measure continuity in any more than two or any less than two of the six test lead combinations, we would immediately know that the transistor was defective.