VHDL has the "math_real" package.
This package has very useful functions such as trigonometrics, power, square root, etc...
Does Systemverilog have something equivalent ?
SystemVerilog has all these function built-in to the language, and not a separate package. See section 20.8.2 Real math functions in the IEEE 1800-2017 SystemVerilog LRM. Note that the power function is available as the operator x**y