If you are very lucky, no other component is damaged. And if you are very lucky, no high voltage is getting where it should not.
If we were Sherlock Holmes, we would try to figure out why anyone would yank the mic off the board and pull out two wire leads. Suppose they wanted to scavenge the mic for another project, but they probably ruined it. Perhaps it was deliberate, to render the board useless, maybe after someone got a high voltage shock from it.
First you should measure with an AC voltmeter, to see if high voltage is present. Measure across the mic's exposed wire leads. Measure across various points on the board. I believe high voltage should be present only among components at the upper left corner of your photograph.
If you can attach any kind of mic, that might be all it needs to make it work. It might be a dynamic element, or carbon, or even a small speaker as from a headphone or transistor radio.
The signal might come from any device which produces audio. An amplifier, Ipod, phone, computer, etc. This is where you have to know something about safe interconnecting practices. You don't want to destroy a good device.
If you get nothing, then you will need to diagnose the board further. Make sure it is getting power. The proper voltage. Etc.