In Rolland Best's PLL book, chapter 3.4.3, he stated that if the PLL used EXOR as the phase detector, the reference feed through will modulate the VCO output when divider N=3.
The modulated frequency component will be N*Fref +/- 2Fref and N*Fref +/- 4Fref.
My question is that why there is compenent located at N*Fref +/- 4Fref?
Because of feedthrough u will have a periodic wave with period 1/Fref as output of phase detector.since the wave is periodic in freq domain u will have harmonics with integer multiples of Fref these component appear at vco output with vco frequency as centre freq