considering this is what the application needs:
1. read the 12 position switch output.
2. Read from memory the corresponding msg for that selection and print on LCD.
Select any 8-bit MCU (microcontroller unit) for this application with 10 or 12 bit ADC with 12 more I/O pins to use an aplhanumeric LCD display usually 16x1. The selectable switch is a potentiometer i.e. selectable variable resistance, connect it between Vcc and GND and the variable pin to one of ADC pin for microcontroller.
U need to write application to do that using manufacturer provided compiler.
For e.g. I usually do all my projects with microchip's PIC microcontroller so u can go here to select the MCU (
https://www.microchip.com/ParamChartSearch/chart.aspx?branchID=1013). PIC16F1707 is good for ur application. They have there free MPLAB X compiler for coding. U need to buy PICkit3 for programming MCU (
https://www.microchip.com/DevelopmentTools/ProductDetails.aspx?PartNO=pg164130).
For beginner:
If u r a beginner and wants to start from scratch, Microchip also sells prebuilt development boards for you. I recommend "PICDEM 2+" (
https://www.microchip.com/DevelopmentTools/ProductDetails.aspx?PartNO=dm163022-1). It also comes with a one 40-pin GP-MCU, a ICD3/PICkit3 programmer with 9V power supply. U can buy this and just start making ur application. As u can see it also contains an alphanumeric LCD. It comes with all code examples that u can also download from microchip.com. I use PIC bcoz i never had problem with it and it has excellent support from microchip.
U can also use AVR MCU. There is an open source Arduino board u can use which has lot of code examples and support too. (
https://www.arduino.cc/)