Mobile standart analization...

[wireless2009]

analization

Hi everybody!

could somebody explain me principal working of CDMA2000 Mobile standard and GSM system?

in CDMA2000, do all phones use same frequency? what about in GSM, there is a SIM CARD and does one SIM CARD has a its own frequency?

Pls explain me more deeply, if it is possible pls describe them with technical steps.

Thanks in advance!
I'll appreciate answers!

 

[wireless2009]

network signalling

oh, no one replied

 

[Aya2002]

For GSM:

GSM networks are made up of Mobile services Switching Centres (MSC), Base Station Systems (BSS)and Mobile Stations (MS). These three entities can be broken down further into smaller entities; such as, within the BSS we have Base Station Controllers, Base Transceiver Stations and Transcoders.

With the MSC, BSS and MS we can make calls, receive calls, perform billing etc, as any normal PSTN network would be able to do. The only problem for the MS is that all the calls made or received are from other MSs. Therefore, it is also necessary to connect the GSM network to the PSTN.

Mobile Stations within the cellular network are located in “cells”, these cells are provided by the BSSs. Each BSS can provide one or more cells, dependent on the manufacturers equipment.




The frequency spectrum is very congested, with only narrow slots of bandwidth allocated for cellular communications.

A single Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number (ARFCN) or RF carrier is actually a pair of frequencies, one used in each direction (transmit and receive). This allows information to be passed in both directions. For GSM900 and EGSM900 the paired frequencies are separated by 45 MHz, for DCS1800 the separation is 95 MHz and for PCS1900 separation is 80 MHz.

For each cell in a GSM network at least one ARFCN must be allocated, and more may be allocated to provide greater capacity. The RF carrier in GSM can support up to eight Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) timeslots. That is, in theory, each RF carrier is capable of supporting up to eight simultaneous telephone calls, but although this is possible, network signalling and messaging may reduce the overall number from eight timeslots per RF carrier to six or seven timeslots per RF carrier, therefore reducing the number of mobiles that can be supported.

Unlike a PSTN network, where every telephone is linked to the land network by a pair of fixed wires, each MS only connects to the network over the radio interface when required. Therefore, it is possible for a single RF carrier to support many more mobile stations than its eight TDMA timeslots would lead us to believe. Using statistics, it has been found that a typical RF carrier can support up to 15, 20 or even 25 MSs. Obviously, not all of these MS subscribers could make a call at the same time, but it is also unlikely that all the MS subscribers would want to make a call at the same time. Therefore, without knowing it, MSs share the same physical resources, but at different times.

The number of cells in any geographic area is determined by the number of MS
subscribers who will be operating in that area, and the geographic layout of the area (hills, lakes, buildings etc).

Mobile Station (MS)
The MS consists of two parts, the Mobile Equipment (ME) and an electronic ‘smart card’ called a Subscriber Identity module (SIM).

The ME is the hardware used by the subscriber to access the network. The hardware has an identity number associated with it, which is unique for that particular device and permanently stored in it. This identity number is called the International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) and enables the network operator to identify mobile equipment which may be causing problems on the system.

The SIM is a card which plugs into the ME. This card identifies the MS subscriber and also provides other information regarding the service that subscriber should receive. The subscriber is identified by an identity number called the International Mobile SubscriberIdentity (IMSI). Mobile Equipment may be purchased from any store but the SIM must be obtained from the GSM network provider. Without the SIM inserted, the ME will only be able to make emergency calls. By making a distinction between the subscriber identity and the ME identity, GSM can route calls and perform billing based on the identity of the ‘subscriber’ rather than the equipment or its location.


If you need more information about GSM please do your post here.

Regards,

 

[wireless2009]

thanks a lot Mr. Aya2002, I got all, it was really useful.