I do not think you can get a job as IC designer without a degree. to do this you would have to be an Einstein, create a working chip that shows great understanding and innovation. This would be nearly impossible to do since design software, verification software, and foundry costs are very expensive. I know of free layout tools, but not of schematic editors, or verification tools. and foundry costs even on a shuttle run are the cost of a nice shiny new bmw. Without a working chip I find it hard to believe a company would take a gamble on you with no degree or transcript to back up your claimed knowledge. the most difficult part would be getting through the automated filters and being selected for an interview (hence why Einstein type fame would be needed) There was a girl designer that was able to achieve this a few years back, a redhead from washington I think, but she raised her capitol by running and owning a computer repair store chain, she then was able to translate the commodore 64 into a modern ic(with the help of a company that hired her after a software version was presented at a conference of some kind). I think she ended up getting hired by valve as an ic designer but was recently laid off.
I know it would be near impossible to make it to the interview process in my company( a large ic company) without a degree or proof of ability(experience). if you really understand the concepts and can show a sharp mind and capability to learn, you might be able to find a very small design company that will take a gamble on you.
if you truly wish to pursue this path I strongly recommend some type of school program. perhaps enter the field as a layout engineer then try to progress over to a designer.
-Pb