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Popular one implemented by means of heat detector sensor (I do not know how it is exactly called in english) with mirros reflecting heat to it The mirros define sensor detection area and direction . When moving subject crossses particular mirror area , the heat sensor output value will be changed ,and this will be detected by comparator circuit .
But there are another types , which based on induction parameters change , optical radar based ,
ultrasound radar based (but these are not so popular)...
Hello Friends
here is the Circuit and principle of motion detector
**broken link removed** Also one of the good site about electronics **broken link removed**
Regards
Poli Kitti
Most motion detectors work around a PIR passive infra red detector. This sensor, coupled with a "fresnel lens" makes a simple motion detector. The fresnel lens is made out of a plastic sheet with blocks of caocave lesn like portions that impart a vairable angle sensitivity to the PIR detector. A heat source like a human being emits radiations and that radiation causes a ripple in the PIR sensor because of the fresnel lens. This ripple (AC signal) is amplified and fed to a comparator and then a timer to make a complete sensor.
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