A "file system" in this context refers to the type of
layout, addressing, indexing, and access methods
of the data on the platter(s). Some operating
systems (notably Unix and Unix-based) can access
and/or actively use, filesystems from other operating
systems. The "file system" is created by the specific
formatting tools of the particular OS, and identified
in the partitioning table on the drive.
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And there is another special partition file system special used by Linux its the swap in Linux you have to dedicate a partition for os swapping (nowadays you can skip also ) in windows environment it uses a file as a swap space this performance is slower than Linux as it uses a special partition itself.