Help needed with RFID card reader

[milan.rajik]

I am doing a project of RFID card reader with PIC18F45K22 @ 4 MHz external crystal. I am using UART baudrate of 9600 bps.

My card gives the below data.

[02]1400508931FC[03][02]1400508931FC[03][02]1400508931FC[03][02]1400508931FC[03][02]1400508931FC[03]

So, [02]1400508931FC[03] repeats if card is placed near reader. This I found by connecting the card reader to PC and watching the data on Termite Serial terminal software.

On my card it is printed 0005278001 080,35121

So, according to page 8 of the attached document

0005278001 is UART data and 080,35121 is Wiegand data.

How does 0005278001 translate to tag shown above ?

If [02]1400508931FC[03] is tag then what is the 0005278001 number printed on card ? And why in the document page no. 8 it is mentioned as UART data ?

broken link removed

Also in the tag given out by the card there [02] in the beginning and [03] in the end. Are they Start of text and end of text ? Here it is mentioned that they are STX and ETX.


In mikroC PRO how to check if received data is STX and ETX ?

https://www.asciitable.com/

 

[bigdogguru]

You have neglected to mention what specific RFID reader you are using?

In any event, the output format of the RFID readers varies widely, therefore knowing the specific output format of an RFID reader is crucial.

Yes, the 0x02 and 0x03 are the ASCII STX and ETX, there is also most likely format, CRC or checksum data included in the output stream as well.

You card number is included in the outputted data stream:

Card Number in Decimal: 0005278001

Card Number in Binary: 10100001000100100110001

RFID Output Stream in Hexadecimal: 1400508931FC

RFID Output Stream in Binary: 101000000000001010000100010010011000111111100

As you can see the last byte is most likely extraneous data, formatting, checksum, CRC, etc.


BigDog

 

[milan.rajik]

I am using this RFID Card Reader.

http://imall.iteadstudio.com/im120618002.html

This is the product Wiki page.

http://wiki.iteadstudio.com/RDM6300

These are the RFID cards and keychains I am using.

**broken link removed**

**broken link removed**

How did you calculate the different numbers ?

Here I am attaching the project I did. It is working fine with my card. I connected Reader to PC and used Proteus COMPIM to connect RFID reader to Proteus PIC18F45K22. I first watched the hex values sent on UART and then made changes to the code (tag) and then it worked but the tag received is different from the data I obtained in Termite. Why ?

The data I obtained when using Proteus is the tag[] inside code.

**broken link removed**

 

[bigdogguru]

The last byte (0xFC) is an XOR checksum generated by XOR'ing the preceding five bytes (0x1400508931):

0x14 XOR 0x00 XOR 0x50 XOR 0x89 XOR 0x31 = 0xFC


According to the RDM630 Specifications Datasheet, the output stream consists of ten ASCII characters followed by the ASCII representation of the XOR Checksum byte, therefore twelve bytes total, not including the STX and ETX characters framing the data packet.


From your posted screen capture:

[02]
31 - 1
34 - 4
30 - 0
30 - 0
35 - 5
30 - 0
38 - 8
39 - 9
32 - 2
43 - C
45 - E
31 - 1
[03]

0x14 XOR 0x00 XOR 0x50 XOR 0x89 XOR 0x2C = 0xE1 CRC

Card in Hexadecimal: 0x140050892C
Card in Decimal: 85904623916
Card in Binary: 0001010000000000010100001000100100101100
Number Printed on Back of Card: 0005277996


Obviously a different card than your original post.


BigDog

 

[milan.rajik]

Thanks. That made things clear. I used two cards. One to turn ON LED and another to turn OFF LED. These are printed on the cards.

0005277996 080,35116

0005619000 085,48440

- - - Updated - - -

I have a strange problem. I am testing in both Proteus and hardware. For hardware I am using EasyPIC v7. In Proteus it is working fine that is LED toggles if card read more than one time but in hardware LED turns ON but doesn't turn OFF. What might be the problem. I have posted the project in my previous post.

 

[milan.rajik]

I have a problem here. I am attaching my RFID project here. I am using mikroC PRO PIC Compiler and PIC18F45K22 @ 8 MHz external Crystal. The problem is if I read any Card then LED corresponding to that card lights ON but after that if I read the same card or another card then LED doesn't toggle or other LEDs don't turn ON.

I am testing in EasyPIC v7 development board.

@ bigdogguru

In post #2 you mentioned

Card Number in Decimal: 0005278001

Card Number in Binary: 10100001000100100110001

RFID Output Stream in Hexadecimal: 1400508931FC

If I convert dec 5278001 to hex I get 508931. FC is checksum. Where did 1400 came from ?

- - - Updated - - -

Problem solved. I had to turn ON/OFF GIE_bit instead of RC1IE_bit. Now the code works fine in Proteus and also hardware.

- - - Updated - - -

This is the working code.

---

Code C - [expand]
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sbit LED1 at LATD0_bit;
sbit LED2 at LATD1_bit;
sbit LED3 at LATD2_bit;
sbit LED4 at LATD3_bit;
sbit LED5 at LATD4_bit;
 
sbit LED1_Direction at TRISD0_bit;
sbit LED2_Direction at TRISD1_bit;
sbit LED3_Direction at TRISD2_bit;
sbit LED4_Direction at TRISD3_bit;
sbit LED5_Direction at TRISD4_bit;
 
unsigned char tag1[] = {0x02, 0x31, 0x34, 0x30, 0x30, 0x35, 0x30, 0x38, 0x39, 0x32, 0x43, 0x45, 0x31, 0x03};
unsigned char tag2[] = {0x02, 0x31, 0x34, 0x30, 0x30, 0x35, 0x31, 0x32, 0x31, 0x30, 0x41, 0x36, 0x45, 0x03};
unsigned char tag3[] = {0x02, 0x31, 0x34, 0x30, 0x30, 0x35, 0x35, 0x42, 0x44, 0x33, 0x38, 0x43, 0x34, 0x03};
unsigned char tag4[] = {0x02, 0x31, 0x34, 0x30, 0x30, 0x35, 0x30, 0x42, 0x37, 0x45, 0x38, 0x31, 0x42, 0x03};
unsigned char tag5[] = {0x02, 0x31, 0x34, 0x30, 0x30, 0x35, 0x30, 0x38, 0x39, 0x33, 0x31, 0x46, 0x43, 0x03};
 
unsigned char uartBuffer[14], received = 0, i = 0;
 
void interrupt() {
 
     if(RC1IF_bit) {
            if(OERR1_bit) {
                  OERR1_bit = 0;
                  CREN1_bit = 0;
                  CREN1_bit = 1;            
            }
            
            uartBuffer[i] = UART1_Read();
            
            if(received == 0) {
                 if(uartBuffer[i] == 2) {
                       received = 1;
                       i++;                   
                 }
            }
            else if(received == 1) {
                  if(uartBuffer[i] != 3)
                         i++;
                  else { 
                       received = 2;
                       GIE_bit = 0;                       
                  }
            }
                       
            
            RC1IF_bit = 0;
     }
}
 
void main() {
 
     CM1CON0 = 0x00;
     CM2CON0 = 0x00;
     
     SLRCON = 0x00;
     
     ANSELA = 0x00;
     ANSELB = 0x00;
     ANSELC = 0x00;
     ANSELD = 0x00;
     ANSELE = 0x00;
     
     TRISA = 0xC0;
     TRISB = 0x00;
     TRISC = 0xC0;
     TRISD = 0x00;
     TRISE = 0x00;
     
     PORTA = 0x00;
     PORTB = 0x00;
     PORTC = 0x00;
     PORTD = 0x00;
     PORTE = 0x00;
     
     LATA = 0x00;
     LATB = 0x00;
     LATC = 0x00;
     LATD = 0x00;
     LATE = 0x00;
     
     
     UART1_Init(9615);
     Delay_ms(200);
     
     RC1IE_bit = 1;
     PEIE_bit = 1;
     GIE_bit = 1;
     
     RC1IF_bit = 0;
     
     LED1_Direction = 0;
     LED2_Direction = 0;
     LED3_Direction = 0;
     LED4_Direction = 0;
     LED5_Direction = 0;
     
     LED1 = 0;
     LED2 = 0;
     LED3 = 0;
     LED4 = 0;
     LED5 = 0;
     
     PWM1_Init(2000);
     PWM1_Set_Duty(255);
     PWM1_Stop();
     
     UART1_Write_Text("Swipe a card\r\n");
               
     while(1) {
     
            if(received == 2) {
                                          
                  if(memcmp(uartBuffer, tag1, 14) == 0) {
                              LED1 = ~LED1;
                              UART1_Write_Text("Tag matched\r\n");                     
                  }
                  else if(memcmp(uartBuffer, tag2, 14) == 0) {
                              LED2 = ~LED2;
                              UART1_Write_Text("Tag matched\r\n");                     
                  }
                  else if(memcmp(uartBuffer, tag3, 14) == 0) {
                              LED3 = ~LED3;
                              UART1_Write_Text("Tag matched\r\n");                     
                  }
                  else if(memcmp(uartBuffer, tag4, 14) == 0) {
                              LED4 = ~LED4;
                              UART1_Write_Text("Tag matched\r\n");                     
                  }
                  else if(memcmp(uartBuffer, tag5, 14) == 0) {
                              LED5 = ~LED5;
                              UART1_Write_Text("Tag matched\r\n");                     
                  }
                  else UART1_Write_Text("Tag doesn't match\r\n");
                  
                  PWM1_Start();                                   
                  Delay_ms(3000);
                  PWM1_Stop();
                                      
                  received = 0;
                  i = 0;
                  memset(uartBuffer, '\0', sizeof(uartBuffer));
                  UART1_Write_Text("Swipe a card\r\n");
                  
                  GIE_bit = 1;
                  RC1IF_bit = 0;                            
            }    
     }
}

---

- - - Updated - - -

@bigdogguru

I modified the code to check for checksum but it doesn't work. Why ?

---

Code C - [expand]
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sbit LED1 at LATD0_bit;
sbit LED2 at LATD1_bit;
sbit LED3 at LATD2_bit;
sbit LED4 at LATD3_bit;
sbit LED5 at LATD4_bit;
 
sbit LED1_Direction at TRISD0_bit;
sbit LED2_Direction at TRISD1_bit;
sbit LED3_Direction at TRISD2_bit;
sbit LED4_Direction at TRISD3_bit;
sbit LED5_Direction at TRISD4_bit;
 
unsigned char tag1[] = {0x02, 0x31, 0x34, 0x30, 0x30, 0x35, 0x30, 0x38, 0x39, 0x32, 0x43, 0x45, 0x31, 0x03};
unsigned char tag2[] = {0x02, 0x31, 0x34, 0x30, 0x30, 0x35, 0x31, 0x32, 0x31, 0x30, 0x41, 0x36, 0x45, 0x03};
unsigned char tag3[] = {0x02, 0x31, 0x34, 0x30, 0x30, 0x35, 0x35, 0x42, 0x44, 0x33, 0x38, 0x43, 0x34, 0x03};
unsigned char tag4[] = {0x02, 0x31, 0x34, 0x30, 0x30, 0x35, 0x30, 0x42, 0x37, 0x45, 0x38, 0x31, 0x42, 0x03};
unsigned char tag5[] = {0x02, 0x31, 0x34, 0x30, 0x30, 0x35, 0x30, 0x38, 0x39, 0x33, 0x31, 0x46, 0x43, 0x03};
 
unsigned char uartBuffer[14], received = 0, i = 0;
int val1 = 0, val2 = 0, val3 = 0, val4 = 0, val5 = 0, val6 = 0;
char buffer[3];
 
void interrupt() {
 
     if(RC1IF_bit) {
            if(OERR1_bit) {
                  OERR1_bit = 0;
                  CREN1_bit = 0;
                  CREN1_bit = 1;            
            }
            
            uartBuffer[i] = UART1_Read();
            
            if(received == 0) {
                 if(uartBuffer[i] == 2) {
                       received = 1;
                       i++;                   
                 }
            }
            else if(received == 1) {
                  if(uartBuffer[i] != 3)
                         i++;
                  else { 
                       received = 2;
                       GIE_bit = 0;                       
                  }
            }
                       
            
            RC1IF_bit = 0;
     }
}
 
void main() {
 
     CM1CON0 = 0x00;
     CM2CON0 = 0x00;
     
     SLRCON = 0x00;
     
     ANSELA = 0x00;
     ANSELB = 0x00;
     ANSELC = 0x00;
     ANSELD = 0x00;
     ANSELE = 0x00;
     
     TRISA = 0xC0;
     TRISB = 0x00;
     TRISC = 0xC0;
     TRISD = 0x00;
     TRISE = 0x00;
     
     PORTA = 0x00;
     PORTB = 0x00;
     PORTC = 0x00;
     PORTD = 0x00;
     PORTE = 0x00;
     
     LATA = 0x00;
     LATB = 0x00;
     LATC = 0x00;
     LATD = 0x00;
     LATE = 0x00;
     
     
     UART1_Init(9615);
     Delay_ms(200);
     
     RC1IE_bit = 1;
     PEIE_bit = 1;
     GIE_bit = 1;
     
     RC1IF_bit = 0;
     
     LED1_Direction = 0;
     LED2_Direction = 0;
     LED3_Direction = 0;
     LED4_Direction = 0;
     LED5_Direction = 0;
     
     LED1 = 0;
     LED2 = 0;
     LED3 = 0;
     LED4 = 0;
     LED5 = 0;
     
     PWM1_Init(2000);
     PWM1_Set_Duty(255);
     PWM1_Stop();
     
     UART1_Write_Text("Swipe a card\r\n");
               
     while(1) {
     
            if(received == 2) {
                  buffer[0] = uartBuffer[1];
                  buffer[1] = uartBuffer[2];
                  buffer[2] = '\0';
                  
                  val1 = atoi(buffer);
                  
                  buffer[0] = uartBuffer[3];
                  buffer[1] = uartBuffer[4];
                  buffer[2] = '\0';
                  
                  val2 = atoi(buffer);
                  
                  buffer[0] = uartBuffer[5];
                  buffer[1] = uartBuffer[6];
                  buffer[2] = '\0';
                  
                  val3 = atoi(buffer);
                  
                  buffer[0] = uartBuffer[7];
                  buffer[1] = uartBuffer[8];
                  buffer[2] = '\0';
                  
                  val4 = atoi(buffer);
                  
                  buffer[0] = uartBuffer[9];
                  buffer[1] = uartBuffer[10];
                  buffer[2] = '\0';
                  
                  val5 = atoi(buffer);
                  
                  buffer[0] = uartBuffer[11];
                  buffer[1] = uartBuffer[12];
                  buffer[2] = '\0';
                  
                  val6 = atoi(buffer);
                  
                  if(val6 == ((val1) ^ (val2) ^ (val3) ^ (val4) ^ (val5))) {                                          
                        if(memcmp(uartBuffer, tag1, 14) == 0) {
                                    LED1 = ~LED1;
                                    UART1_Write_Text("Tag matched\r\n");                     
                        }
                        else if(memcmp(uartBuffer, tag2, 14) == 0) {
                                    LED2 = ~LED2;
                                    UART1_Write_Text("Tag matched\r\n");                     
                        }
                        else if(memcmp(uartBuffer, tag3, 14) == 0) {
                                    LED3 = ~LED3;
                                    UART1_Write_Text("Tag matched\r\n");                     
                        }
                        else if(memcmp(uartBuffer, tag4, 14) == 0) {
                                    LED4 = ~LED4;
                                    UART1_Write_Text("Tag matched\r\n");                     
                        }
                        else if(memcmp(uartBuffer, tag5, 14) == 0) {
                                    LED5 = ~LED5;
                                    UART1_Write_Text("Tag matched\r\n");                     
                        }                  
                  }
                  else UART1_Write_Text("Tag doesn't match\r\n");
                  
                  PWM1_Start(); 
                  Delay_ms(3000);
                  PWM1_Stop();
                                      
                  received = 0;
                  i = 0;
                  memset(uartBuffer, '\0', sizeof(uartBuffer));
                  UART1_Write_Text("Swipe a card\r\n");
                  
                  GIE_bit = 1;
                  RC1IF_bit = 0;                            
            }    
     }
}

---

- - - Updated - - -

How to convert decimal to hex ?

- - - Updated - - -

How to convert Ascii to Hex ? Like if I have "12AF" it should be converted to 0x12 and 0xAF. How to do this ?

- - - Updated - - -

I did like this and it is working fine.

---

Code C - [expand]
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sbit LED1 at LATD0_bit;
sbit LED2 at LATD1_bit;
sbit LED3 at LATD2_bit;
sbit LED4 at LATD3_bit;
sbit LED5 at LATD4_bit;
 
sbit LED1_Direction at TRISD0_bit;
sbit LED2_Direction at TRISD1_bit;
sbit LED3_Direction at TRISD2_bit;
sbit LED4_Direction at TRISD3_bit;
sbit LED5_Direction at TRISD4_bit;
 
unsigned char tag1[] = {0x02, 0x31, 0x34, 0x30, 0x30, 0x35, 0x30, 0x38, 0x39, 0x32, 0x43, 0x45, 0x31, 0x03};
unsigned char tag2[] = {0x02, 0x31, 0x34, 0x30, 0x30, 0x35, 0x31, 0x32, 0x31, 0x30, 0x41, 0x36, 0x45, 0x03};
unsigned char tag3[] = {0x02, 0x31, 0x34, 0x30, 0x30, 0x35, 0x35, 0x42, 0x44, 0x33, 0x38, 0x43, 0x34, 0x03};
unsigned char tag4[] = {0x02, 0x31, 0x34, 0x30, 0x30, 0x35, 0x30, 0x42, 0x37, 0x45, 0x38, 0x31, 0x42, 0x03};
unsigned char tag5[] = {0x02, 0x31, 0x34, 0x30, 0x30, 0x35, 0x30, 0x38, 0x39, 0x33, 0x31, 0x46, 0x43, 0x03};
 
unsigned char uartBuffer[14], received = 0, i = 0;
unsigned int val1 = 0, val2 = 0, val3 = 0, val4 = 0, val5 = 0, val6 = 0;
char buffer[3];
 
 
void interrupt() {
 
     if(RC1IF_bit) {
            if(OERR1_bit) {
                  OERR1_bit = 0;
                  CREN1_bit = 0;
                  CREN1_bit = 1;            
            }
            
            uartBuffer[i] = UART1_Read();
            
            if(received == 0) {
                 if(uartBuffer[i] == 2) {
                       received = 1;
                       i++;                   
                 }
            }
            else if(received == 1) {
                  if(uartBuffer[i] != 3)
                         i++;
                  else { 
                       received = 2;
                       GIE_bit = 0;                       
                  }
            }
                       
            
            RC1IF_bit = 0;
     }
}
 
unsigned int Ascii2Hex(char *s) {
 
      unsigned int num1 = 0, num2 = 0;
      
      if((*s >= '0') & (*s <= '9'))
            num1 = *s - 48;
      else if((*s >= 'A') && (*s <= 'F'))
            num1 = *s - 55;
            
      *s++;
      
      if((*s >= '0') & (*s <= '9'))
            num2 = *s - 48;
      else if((*s >= 'A') && (*s <= 'F'))
            num2 = *s - 55;
            
      return (num1 * 16) + (num2);
}
 
void main() {
 
     CM1CON0 = 0x00;
     CM2CON0 = 0x00;
     
     SLRCON = 0x00;
     
     ANSELA = 0x00;
     ANSELB = 0x00;
     ANSELC = 0x00;
     ANSELD = 0x00;
     ANSELE = 0x00;
     
     TRISA = 0xC0;
     TRISB = 0x00;
     TRISC = 0xC0;
     TRISD = 0x00;
     TRISE = 0x00;
     
     PORTA = 0x00;
     PORTB = 0x00;
     PORTC = 0x00;
     PORTD = 0x00;
     PORTE = 0x00;
     
     LATA = 0x00;
     LATB = 0x00;
     LATC = 0x00;
     LATD = 0x00;
     LATE = 0x00;
               
     UART1_Init(9615);
     Delay_ms(200);
     
     RC1IE_bit = 1;
     PEIE_bit = 1;
     GIE_bit = 1;
     
     RC1IF_bit = 0;
     
     LED1_Direction = 0;
     LED2_Direction = 0;
     LED3_Direction = 0;
     LED4_Direction = 0;
     LED5_Direction = 0;
     
     LED1 = 0;
     LED2 = 0;
     LED3 = 0;
     LED4 = 0;
     LED5 = 0;
     
     PWM1_Init(2000);
     PWM1_Set_Duty(255);
     PWM1_Stop();
     
     UART1_Write_Text("Swipe a card\r\n");
               
     while(1) {
     
            if(received == 2) {
                  buffer[0] = uartBuffer[1];
                  buffer[1] = uartBuffer[2];
                  buffer[2] = '\0';
                  
                  val1 = Ascii2Hex(buffer);
                  
                                                      
                  buffer[0] = uartBuffer[3];
                  buffer[1] = uartBuffer[4];
                  buffer[2] = '\0';
                  
                  val2 = Ascii2Hex(buffer);
                  
                  buffer[0] = uartBuffer[5];
                  buffer[1] = uartBuffer[6];
                  buffer[2] = '\0';
                  
                  val3 = Ascii2Hex(buffer);
                                    
                  buffer[0] = uartBuffer[7];
                  buffer[1] = uartBuffer[8];
                  buffer[2] = '\0';
                  
                  val4 = Ascii2Hex(buffer);
                  
                  buffer[0] = uartBuffer[9];
                  buffer[1] = uartBuffer[10];
                  buffer[2] = '\0';
                  
                  val5 = Ascii2Hex(buffer);                  
                  
                  buffer[0] = uartBuffer[11];
                  buffer[1] = uartBuffer[12];
                  buffer[2] = '\0';
                  
                  val6 = Ascii2Hex(buffer);
                  
                  if(val6 == ((val1) ^ (val2) ^ (val3) ^ (val4) ^ (val5))) {                                          
                        if(memcmp(uartBuffer, tag1, 14) == 0) {
                                    LED1 = ~LED1;
                                    UART1_Write_Text("Tag matched\r\n");                     
                        }
                        else if(memcmp(uartBuffer, tag2, 14) == 0) {
                                    LED2 = ~LED2;
                                    UART1_Write_Text("Tag matched\r\n");                     
                        }
                        else if(memcmp(uartBuffer, tag3, 14) == 0) {
                                    LED3 = ~LED3;
                                    UART1_Write_Text("Tag matched\r\n");                     
                        }
                        else if(memcmp(uartBuffer, tag4, 14) == 0) {
                                    LED4 = ~LED4;
                                    UART1_Write_Text("Tag matched\r\n");                     
                        }
                        else if(memcmp(uartBuffer, tag5, 14) == 0) {
                                    LED5 = ~LED5;
                                    UART1_Write_Text("Tag matched\r\n");                     
                        }                  
                  }
                  else UART1_Write_Text("Tag doesn't match\r\n");
                  
                  PWM1_Start(); 
                  Delay_ms(3000);
                  PWM1_Stop();
                                      
                  received = 0;
                  i = 0;
                  memset(uartBuffer, '\0', sizeof(uartBuffer));
                  UART1_Write_Text("Swipe a card\r\n");
                  
                  GIE_bit = 1;
                  RC1IF_bit = 0;                            
            }    
     }
}

---

- - - Updated - - -

This is the code.

---

Code C - [expand]
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unsigned int getHex(char s) {
 
      unsigned int num = 0;
      
      if((s >= '0') & (s <= '9'))
            num = s - 48;
      else if((s >= 'A') && (s <= 'F'))
            num = s - 55;
            
      return num;
}
 
unsigned int Ascii2Hex(char *s) {
 
      unsigned int num1 = 0, num2 = 0;
      
      num1 = getHex(*s);
      *s++;
      num2 = getHex(*s);
            
      return (num1 * 16) + (num2);
}

---

 

[xenos]

...

How to convert decimal to hex ?

- - - Updated - - -

How to convert Ascii to Hex ? Like if I have "12AF" it should be converted to 0x12 and 0xAF. How to do this ?

An alternative method:

static char hex(unsigned char x){
//convert 4bits binary to 1 text hex digit
        x &= 0x0f;
        return (x<10) ? x +'0': x-10+'a';
}
static unsigned char _1dig_hex2int(char h){
//convert 1 text hex digit to equivalent binary
	if(h>='0' && h<='9')
		return h - '0';
	else if(h>='a' || h<='f')
		return h - 'a' + 10;
	else if(h>='A' || h<='F')
		return h - 'A' + 10;
	return 0;
}

unsigned hex2uint(const char *hex){
	//priority in portability in stead of speed
	char i;
	unsigned v = 0;
	for(i=0;i<sizeof(v)*2 && hex[i];i++){
		v <<= 4;
		v += (_1dig_hex2int(hex[i]) & 0x0f);
	}
	return v;
}

const char *uint2hex(unsigned num,char *hx){
	//priority in portability in stead of speed
	signed char i,len=0;
	do{
                hx[len++] = hex(num&0x0f);
		num>>=4;
	}while(num);
        hx[len]='\0';
	//reverse order
	for(i=len/2;i>=0;i--){
 		char tmp = hx[i];
		hx[i] = hx[len-i-1];
                hx[len-i-1] = tmp;
	}
	return hx;
}

void main(){
	char s[sizeof(int) * 2 + 1];
	printf("%u = %u\n",0x345a,hex2uint("345a"));
	printf("%x = %s\n",0x345a,uint2hex(0x345a,s));
}

 

[milan.rajik]

@xenos

I saved the page. I will study your code. For me I have to convert two ascii chars to hex.

 

[betwixt]

These are routines I use. they work on 4-bit values so you need to shift the value you are converting the appropriate number of times.

//*******************************************************************************
//  convert an ascii hex digit to it's equivalent binary value
unsigned char AscToBin(char AsciiChar)
{
	if(AsciiChar > '9') AsciiChar -= 7;
	return((AsciiChar - '0') & 0x0F);
}

//*******************************************************************************
//  convert a binary value to it's equivalent ascii hex character
unsigned char BinToAsc(unsigned char BinValue)
{
	BinValue &= 0x0F;
	if(BinValue > 9) BinValue += 7;
	return(BinValue + '0');
}

Brian.

 

[bigdogguru]

@ bigdogguru

In post #2 you mentioned

Card Number in Decimal: 0005278001

Card Number in Binary: 10100001000100100110001

RFID Output Stream in Hexadecimal: 1400508931FC

If I convert dec 5278001 to hex I get 508931. FC is checksum. Where did 1400 came from ?

Reference: , Section: Manchester 64 (EM4100 compatible), Page: 6

And

Reference: The attached EM4100 Transponder Datasheet, Section: Memory Array for Manchester & Bi-Phase encoding ICs, Page: 5

Bits D00 to D03 and bits D10 to D13 are customer specific identification.

The actual entire binary representation of the RFID stored on the tag consists of five bytes, which your RFID reader appends a CRC checksum byte upon reading and generating the ASCII represenation:

Binary: 0001 0100 0000 0000 0101 0000 1000 1001 0011 0001

Hexadecimal: 0x1400508931

Decimal: 85904623921

Typically the ID printed on the RFID tag is not the entire RFID stored on the RFID tag, EM410x/EM400x compatible transponders set aside five bytes of storage, partitioned into ten nibbles. The first byte/two nibbles (RED) are typically reserved for a field known by several names as the customer, group, or vendor ID, which is typically used to indicate a particular customer, group or vendor as the names imply, therefore the full RFID stored on the RFID tag/card is fact, 0x1400508931 in hexadecimal or 85904623921 in decimal. As previously indicated, RFID tag manufactures often omit the first byte/two nibbles, the customer, group or vendor ID, when printing the tag's number, 0005278001, for as an additional security measure. When developing code for RFID functionality, a list of acceptable customer, group or vendor IDs can be retained and checked against for an initial check of RFID tag validity. Or the entire RFID, including the customer, group or vendor ID, can be stored and checked against for added security measures, as it is typically only known by the business or those who possess a valid card and can read the entire RFID, including the customer, group or vendor ID.



BigDog