battery requirement
Unless you have a bank of car batteries, you will not be doing it. You need something that takes a lot less power. Even your proposed signal processing board takes far too much power - as pranam77 has calculated - you would need 10 to 15 car batteries for that alone. However, with an embedded processor system you could run for months using a button cell, depending on what you data acquisition requirements are (accuracy, sample rate, voltage range etc).
Keith.