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Charging a plain phone from a plain 12V source...

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Hello all.
A plain mobile phone can be charged with the 'usb' adapter plugged in to the 12VDC cigarette outlet in an automobile. But noticed that in my case, takes longer time than using the other adapter/charger from the 120VAC at home.

1717851678798.png


What schematic diagrams tell the difference ? Found this somewhere on the web; tailoring limitations. How does it work ?

Screenshot from 2024-06-08 08-43-12.png

I thought 'USB' supplied 5V and period. Now the current seems it can be limited. If the 5VDC capable of -say 10 Amperes source- is fed into the phone charging port, with no resistors tailoring; what happens ? A 7805 regulator is limited to 1 Ampere. What if I use a 78T05 ?
What end of the charging cable hosts the tailoring resistors? The charger [to limiting all devices to-be-charged-with-it] or the being-charged device [to limiting all-the-chargers-connected-to-it] ?
 

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