electronics lab-car battery charger
You will definitely need power transformer (mains voltage)/15V ac. , a bridge rectifier, a shunt operated current regulating and booster circuit, a voltage regulator.
A 7812 reg. will give max. of 500mA output. You may boost this output and with transistor or FETs to give more charging amps up to 10A. You will need a volt regulating circuit after the rectifier in case you connect a fully discharge battery across your charger to bring up the charge. You will also need to regulate this for trickle charging for long period connection.
Don't forget to put ammeter/voltmeter to know what is goin' on.
Hope this help.
Good luck.