The numbers are delays from clk to q ...which comes in triplets min:Typ:max. in your example you don't have typical and min =0 ..so the only numbers are max delays for the path.
It depends on how you have enable sdf backannotation, what timing corner .libs you are using....max/min/typ.
Back annotation as the name implies refers to taking the delays specified in the SDF and applying those delays to the netlist so that delays make themselves apparent during simulation. We call it so because the SDF is obtained after the netlist but the delays from the SDF are again used while working with the netlist.
Your idea about multicycle paths is right.