OK, it isn't much different from my system, I use KStars software, Synscan control and a EOS 450D camera.
To be honest, I find the battery in the camera is perfectly adequate for maybe 10 or more hours continuous use so the dummy battery unit is probably overkill but as you have it, you may as well use it. The main current draw on the camera is the flash unit and lens auto-focus motor which I doubt you would be using! So in reality you only need to cater for a smaller current, maybe 0.1A or even less.
The RS232 adapter will draw almost nothing, maybe 0.05A so that isn't a problem. I'm not sure about the GPUSB but assuming this is basically another RS232 adapter but with opto-coupled outputs, it shouldn't need more than say 0.1A maximum. The heavy draw will be the hard disk, is it powered entirely off the USB hub or does it have it's own power inlet? Most external drives use 12V through a small power socket, in which case you can hook that up to the 12V battery directly. The hub electronics themselves draw very little, no more than 0.1A in total.
Assuming the hard drive has it's own 12V feed and all you need is 7.4V for the camera and 5V for the rest, you can probably use one of those regulators on the Cloudynights web site to produce 7.4V then simply add two 3A rated diodes in series with the 7.4V to drop it to around 5V. It would make a very small and cheap supply, (~US$3) solution.
Brian.