[SOLVED] The square law behavior of CMOS?

Hi,

I want to know about the square law behavior of cmos?

also why the cmos square law mixer is called as cmos square law?

What if all the transistor replaced by the diode how the CMOS square law mixer works?

What is bootstrapping?

What is tunneling in CMOS?

for square law behaviour-http://doc.utwente.nl/56125/1/class_of_analog_-_bult.pdf

---------- Post added at 07:13 ---------- Previous post was at 05:30 ----------

for bootstrapping
https://portal.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm...FTOKEN=6184618



**broken link removed**


for tunneling -
https://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/~hu/PUBLICATIONS/PAPERS/729.pdf

Thank you raksha for ur help.
I have gone through the topics you posted they were good and helped me to understand the topic better.

Square law of CMOS: current is a square function of the input voltage

I = K (Vgs - Vth)² <- Here is the square ;-)

Where K is a constant.

If input voltage increases linearly, the current increases by square. For simplicity, we can ignore the threshold voltage and rewrite the equation as:

I = K (Vgs)²

If the input signal Vgs is composed by the sum of two signals, the CMOS performs mixing due to the quadratic law:

Vgs = A + B

I = K (A + B)² <=> I = k (A² + 2•A•B + B²)

Pay attention to the term 2•A•B, this is what "mixes" the input signals. The terms A² and B² are basically trash.

Mixing occurs whenever the equation is non-linear. For CMOS transistors the equation is a square function. For a diode is an exponential. Nevertheless, both are non-linear and both perform mixing. The equation for every non-linear device is given by:

out = K1(A+B)+K2(A+B)²+K3(A+B)³ + ...

As you can see every non-linear equation includes a square law term, including the diode.

Hi,

FcFusion,

you cleared my doubts and explained why it's called square law.

Thank you very much.

Venkat