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Circuit Explaination required?

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AVIANO

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Kindly see the attached circuit and explain what it is? a regulator or a constant current etc. Output voltage is at Vout=500V and +10V is ref. applied and 4KV is where the output voltage is derived from. I need explaination specially Q1 and U1/A function here. Thanks
 

It's a shunt voltage regulator. U1/D provides a filtered feedback voltage of ~10V. U1/A compares this with the 10V reference at its + input. Q1 is in common-base mode, with its base tied to 10V, to isolate the op-amp's output from the high voltage.

In effect, the output current of U1/A is "pulled through" this transistor, and eventually the 15M ohm resistor, so regulating the voltage at Vout.
 

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