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For an op-amp in a practical settings, if we tie the 2 input terminals to ground, we will still obtain a finite dc voltage exist at the output. This finite dc voltage is known as the input offset voltage. This arises due to the mismatches in the input differential stage within the op amp package itself and is classified as the DC imperfection of the op amp
Op amp output can be brought back to zero level by applying dc voltages of equal magnitude but opposite polarity
Hope it helps! I think you can also check out some electronics books...
Input offset voltage is the voltages aplied to the inputs of OP amp so as to take out zero voltage from the output of it. Normally, it is less than 1 mV, a noise level.
it is caused due to the pair of transitors in an opamps input stage (look at a transitor level model, the 741 is readily available) are not matched. it can be modeled with a battery in pspice on top of the standard modelsim model.
input offset voltages are basically applied at the input of an op amp to eliminate the noise generated internally at the output...
even if there is no input ie vin=0v still there exist some voltages in the form of noise at the output called output offset voltages...
input offset voltages are equal in magnitude and 180° out of phase of output offset voltages.....
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