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Recording sound in range of 0- 150 kHz frequencies

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nadiro

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Hello Dear Friends

I want to record and playback sounds in range of 0- 150 KHz frequency and I want to use any microcontrollers of ARM series.

I have some questions:

1. How much should sampling frequency of ADC be?
2. Can I use ICs like VS1053? Does this IC support 0-150KHz frequency?
3. Can I directly save recorded sound on SD Card with VS1053?
4. Which microcontroller is appropriate for this project? What is your idea?

Thanks for your attention.
 

To capture airborne sounds you need a suitable transducer (or microphone). Do you have a transducer that responds up to 150 kHz ?

The sampling rate should be 300k, or twice your desired frequency.
 
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    nadiro

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300 kS/s is the minimal sampling rate according to Nyquist theorem. Practically, there must be a margin between the highest signal frequency and fs/2 to allow feasible anti-alias filters. 330 to 350 kS/s is more realistic.

Regarding VS1053, just review the datasheet. It's maximum sampling rate is 48 kS/s. Maximum sampling rate of high performance audio ADCs is 192 kHz or slightly higher, not suitable for 150 kHz signal bandwidth.

You didn't yet mention intended ADC resolution respectively recorded dynamic range.
 
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The hardest part of this problem won't be the ADC, but rather finding a transducer with a reasonably flat frequency response over the entire 0 - 150kHz range. I don't know of any such transducers, so if such piezoelectrics exist then expect them to be very expensive.
 
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Some digital oscilloscopes and fast data loggers can easily sample at that rate.
I suppose it depends on how long you wish to record for, milliseconds or hours ?
 
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BradtheRad said:
To capture airborne sounds you need a suitable transducer (or microphone). Do you have a transducer that responds up to 150 kHz ?

The sampling rate should be 300k, or twice your desired frequency.
Click to expand...


I need to use a microphone for recording sounds.

But I don't know exactly what features should this microphone have?

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FvM said:
300 kS/s is the minimal sampling rate according to Nyquist theorem. Practically, there must be a margin between the highest signal frequency and fs/2 to allow feasible anti-alias filters. 330 to 350 kS/s is more realistic.

Regarding VS1053, just review the datasheet. It's maximum sampling rate is 48 kS/s. Maximum sampling rate of high performance audio ADCs is 192 kHz or slightly higher, not suitable for 150 kHz signal bandwidth.

You didn't yet mention intended ADC resolution respectively recorded dynamic range.
Click to expand...

I want to use STM32F103 microcontroller. According to it's datasheet,it has 12bit ADC and 1MS/S sampling rate. Is STM32F103 a good choice?

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Warpspeed said:
Some digital oscilloscopes and fast data loggers can easily sample at that rate.
I suppose it depends on how long you wish to record for, milliseconds or hours ?
Click to expand...

The device should be portable something like cellphones or recorders.
I want to record for hours and save data on SD card and play it again.
 
Last edited:

I need to use a microphone for recording sounds.

But I don't know exactly what features should this microphone have?
Click to expand...
Suggests that you have no actual clue why and how you want record sound with "0 - 150 kHz frequency" range. What's the purpose of recording ultrasound? Or is 150 kHz just a typo?

I think the point should be clarified before discussing other details. Microphones with 150 kHz frequency range are available but cost a small fortune.
 

FvM said:
Suggests that you have no actual clue why and how you want record sound with "0 - 150 kHz frequency" range. What's the purpose of recording ultrasound? Or is 150 kHz just a typo?

I think the point should be clarified before discussing other details. Microphones with 150 kHz frequency range are available but cost a small fortune.
Click to expand...


My purpose is recording and playing back the sounds of different animals which is out of human hearing range.

Consider the table below:
photo_2016-12-03_15-29-59.jpg
 

There is a method to translate bat squeaks (ultrasonic range), down into a range which the human ear can detect. The operating principle is called heterodyning. Try an internet search for 'bat listener'. There may be suitable microphones which can pick up frequencies in the ultrasonic range, yet are not too expensive.
 

I really appreciate your helps

Do you have any idea about choosing suitable microcontrollers and their A/D & D/A ?
 

There is a chapter in the 1977 National Semiconductor pressure transducer handbook that refers to microphone applications of pressure transducers.

They suggest a frequency response of dc to 30-50 Khz is possible.

Its interesting because they mention hydrophone applications and use of parabolic reflectors.

These only cost a few dollars, and already have a built in preamplifier, so might be worth a try initially.
microphone.jpeg

Here is a download of that entire book.
Chapter 12 is what you want.
**broken link removed**
 
Last edited:
Many years ago, I helped an acquaintance to build an heterodyne type wildlife listener. It was not my design, it was a kit which I assisted to build.

Listening at night is fascinating. One of course can hear crickets and other small insects chirping.....but there are other noises at ultrasonic range too.
 
Warpspeed said:
There is a chapter in the 1977 National Semiconductor pressure transducer handbook that refers to microphone applications of pressure transducers.

They suggest a frequency response of dc to 30-50 Khz is possible.

Its interesting because they mention hydrophone applications and use of parabolic reflectors.

These only cost a few dollars, and already have a built in preamplifier, so might be worth a try initially.
View attachment 134127

Here is a download of that entire book.
Chapter 12 is what you want.
**broken link removed**
Click to expand...

Thank you for your suggestion and introducing the book.

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schmitt trigger said:
Many years ago, I helped an acquaintance to build an heterodyne type wildlife listener. It was not my design, it was a kit which I assisted to build.

Listening at night is fascinating. One of course can hear crickets and other small insects chirping.....but there are other noises at ultrasonic range too.
Click to expand...

Thank you for sharing your experience with us. Do you have any other information about that project?
 

Thinking about this a bit more...

Probably the most suitable commonly available low cost microphone might be the electret type. These work from below 20Hz to around 30 Khz and are quite sensitive.

They will not go to zero frequency as the previously mentioned pressure transducer will, but otherwise it might be your best starting out point for this project.
That, and a parabolic reflector should give you an sensitive and very directional microphone.
A microwave dish might be best, and these come in all sizes up to really huge things.

http://www.openmusiclabs.com/learning/sensors/electret-microphones/

**broken link removed**
 

Knowles has an ultrasonic enhanced MEMS microphone with 80 kHz bandwidth which is often used for wildlife audio recordings according to literature.


For the requested 150 kHz bandwidth, I'm only aware of expensive Bruel & Kjaer microphones. https://www.bksv.com/~/media/literature/Product Data/bp2030.ashx

Playback of wideband ultrasonic recordings with sufficient level is even more challenging.
 

Warpspeed said:
Thinking about this a bit more...

Probably the most suitable commonly available low cost microphone might be the electret type. These work from below 20Hz to around 30 Khz and are quite sensitive.

They will not go to zero frequency as the previously mentioned pressure transducer will, but otherwise it might be your best starting out point for this project.
That, and a parabolic reflector should give you an sensitive and very directional microphone.
A microwave dish might be best, and these come in all sizes up to really huge things.

http://www.openmusiclabs.com/learning/sensors/electret-microphones/

**broken link removed**
Click to expand...


Dear Warpspeed, I am very thankful.
I will study this pages. How wonderful dish microphones are!:!:

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What is your idea about the appropriate speaker and related circuits?
Is there any speaker which supports this rang of bandwidth?
 

What is your idea about the appropriate speaker and related circuits?
Is there any speaker which supports this rang of bandwidth?
Click to expand...
Do you have a rough idea of produced sound level and intended "speaker" directivity?

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As a first guess, only plasma speakers are able to reproduce wideband sound above 100 kHz. Electrodynamic ribbon tweeters are good up to about 40 kHz, but have probably unwanted frequency dependent directivity. Electrostatic speakers might even go higher, but with extreme directivity due to the large transducer area. Low level sound generation is easier because it can use very small electrostatic transducers.
 

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