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It's the classic time-domain equation after the Laplace transform, Z-transform, Euler's and more to simplify things in the freq. domain, then convert back to the time-domain and end up with a simple equation, as far as embedded systems math. There is recursion, it reminds me of an IIR in that...
Also search for "nixie tube power supply" there are many circuits out there using boost converters with a 555 or MC34063 etc.
I have seen old CCFL transformers or even a backwards connected mains transformer like 6V-220V used to make HVDC.
You can use a DC-DC converter salvaged from a disposable...
When I had looked into detecting an overcast, cloudy sky, as it is sunlight through thick water vapor, the absorption spectra seems to be nothing special.
That leaves light intensity or scattering, but in a small, low cost module as OP surely wants, this seems not easy.
Campbell Scientific they...
Thanks all for the suggestions. I tried a few values. Then I realized the setpoint is not an input to this differential equation.... So I am now putting the error PV-SP into X.
If dT/Tn is 0.33 and K = 2.0 it appears to behave, that is it doesn't skyrocket over small error. Smaller or larger...
I'm saying no DC coupling from the photodiode. You need AC coupling, and it's a point to rolloff LF hash like from streetlights.
Like this high gain discrete photo-amp for 38kHz. Also notice the diode-clamp prevents the amp from being overloaded with the associated recovery time if the...
I'm struggling to code PI control using the frequency domain formula specified by Autosar (AUTomotive Open System ARchitecture).
Taken from Specification of Floating Point Math Routines AUTOSAR CP R21-11 (pg. 48/100)
8.5.4.7.2 ‘PI’ Controller – Type1 with limitation (Implicit type)"...
Why not just do this yourself instead of hiring a consultancy and bashing their design?
You don't want or need DC coupling because sunlight, oncoming headlights, thermal effects etc. will generate photocurrent which can saturate the amplifiers. Even with optical filtering.
I don't expect fog to...
Hung Chang HC-2020 multimeter repair, I would check the divider string for a failed resistor R7 or short-circuit maybe on the rotary switch. You'll need another multimeter to check the parts inside. It's a strange problem though.
Schematic: https://elektrotanya.com/hc_2020.jpg/download.html#dl
Why do you worry so much about stability before it's built? Do you need sub % voltage regulation?
I evaluate this on the bench as simulations are interesting but frequently out to lunch.
As you know 1uF MLCC is nowhere near 1uF in practice. The inductor plays a large role in filtering EMC...
It's actually underthinking.
Answer one question -
What are the consequences of the insulation failing?
1. Fire, house burns down.
2. A little smoke, fuse pops.
3. Granny gets electrocuted.
3. Nothing because it won't happen, the official numbers are "way too large".
In your snubber, or...
"Sorry, the download link that you are looking for is either expired or invalid."
I thought a flipped diode would basically short the output. The 47Ω resistor burning up would be a bad (open E-B junction) power transistor when the PSU has a heavy load on it. I would recheck the schematic and...
Using a 3A fuse, the aux battery terminal voltage will be forced up quickly and a partially discharged 4.5Ah SLA charging current does fall back quickly as well. We dont know if the load has a low voltage disconnect, my dashcam I have it set at 12.2V so I can at least start the car. Will the aux...
I wasn't sure what OP means with 'disconnected':
"keep the tracker with power all the time and make sure that if main battery is disconnected the rest of the car wont take power from the backup battery, (i only want the backup battery to power the tracker only)."
It seems to be in the context...
The mystery component is not a varistor/MOV. It is PTC thermistor, polyfuse X185 50V which holds 1.85A, similar to a Littelfuse RXEF185.
You have the 1N4001 diode backwards. Band/cathode should connect to the output, not to GND.
Also missing are 1-2 other protection diodes used when charging...
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